Balustrade A railing system with upper and lower horizontal rails and short vertical elements (balusters); typically found on a staircase Bond course A projecting, horizontal element separating parts of a wall surface, especially in masonry construction Bay A regularly repeated unit of space on the façade of a building, often formed or suggested by dimensions of the structural framework Brick corbel A series of masonry courses, each stepping progressively outward from the face of a building to create a decorative element; may also be a structural element Casing The flat wood trim on the surface of the wall surrounding a window or door, often with bands of molding around the perimeter Cornice Molded projections extending across the top of a wall, or forming the top element of a door or window frame Cresting A horizontal ornamental element at the top of a parapet or roof ridge, usually made of metal or occasionally of terra cotta Cribbing Block timbers used as foundations, supporting the heavy jack loads, distributing forces into the soil below Curtilage A court, courtyard, a piece of ground included within a fence surrounding a dwelling house Dormer A small structure that projects from a sloping roof, with a window in the vertical face Dollies In the structural moving industry, dollies are a series of truck axles tied together to support a structure that is moved over a great distance. Eave The projection of a roof beyond the wall below; most often used to refer to the edge or underside of a roof End gable form A gable-roofed building with its primary façade on a short end wall usually facing the street (the roof ridge is perpendicular to the street) Entablature A series of horizontal elements at the top of a wall; in classical architecture consisting of an architrave, frieze, and cornice Façade Any of the exterior faces of a building; often refers to the architectural front, which is distinguished from other walls by its degree of elaboration or the location of the principal entrance Fascia A flat, horizontal band on a wall surface; often a plain element with little molding at the top edge of a wall Fanlight A semicircular window over a door Gable end A short end wall of a gable-roofed building, perpendicular to the ridge beam, which has a triangular shape at the top portion. An end gable structure is set with this wall facing the street; a side gable structure is set with this wall set perpendicular to the street Gable return The bottom corner of a raking cornice molding that turns inward towards the center of the wall in a horizontal direction Half-timbering A medieval building construction technique in which an exposed timber frame is infilled with plaster or brick, so that the timbers form a geometric pattern on the exterior Hip roof A roof that slopes inward from all four exterior walls, forming a pyramid Hood A projecting element that covers a wall opening such as a window or door; often supported by brackets at each end Jack In the structural moving industry, a jack is a mechanism by which an object is raised or lowered. Joint The space between masonry units in a wall, usually filled with mortar to attach the units Light An individual pane of glass in a window or door Lintel A horizontal structural element in a wall that spans a window or door opening; in a masonry building, often distinguished by a contrasting material Mansard A roof with two slopes on each side, the lower slope typically being almost vertical Messuage A dwelling house with adjacent buildings and cartilage and the adjoining lands used in connection with the household Monitor A raised section at the top of a roof, usually with glazing in its vertical sides to allow illumination of the center of a building Muntin A secondary framing member that holds individual panes of glass within a window or glazed door Palladian window A three-part window unit, with a wider center window usually having an arched top, flanked by a narrower rectangular window on each side Parapet The part of a vertical wall that extends above the adjacent roof Pediment The triangular gable end of a building, framed by a horizontal cornice and the raking (diagonal) cornices of the roof eaves, or a similar form used above a door or window Pilaster A vertical projection on a wall, usually rectangular in cross-section and often with a capital and base, that appears to be supporting building elements Pitch The slope of a building element in relation to the horizontal, especially in a roof Pointing The process of placing mortar in a masonry joint as the units are laid up; re-pointing refers to removing an outer portion of deteriorated mortar and re-filling the joint with new mortar Rake board, raking cornice, raking course, raking molding A diagonal trim element following the slope of a gable or roof, where it meets an exterior wall Rollers In the structural moving industry, a roller is comprised of steel cylinders in series incased in housing and used to support a structure while allowing it toi be pushed or pulled. Sash The perimeter frame of a window, including the horizontal rails and vertical stiles, that holds the glass panes; it may be movable or fixed Set back On a parcel of land: the distance between the street and the front of a building, or between a building and the side or back property lines. On a building, recessing elements (such as upper stories) back from the main wall plane Side gable form A gable-roofed building with its short end walls perpendicular to the street (the roof ridge is parallel to the street) and its primary façade on a long wall Sidelight A narrow rectangular window to the side of a door or wider window Soffit The exposed undersurface of an overhead element, such as an arch or roof eave Transom A window above a doorway, separated by a horizontal crossbar, or a secondary window similarly set above a larger window True divided-light sash A window with individual panes of glass separated by muntins